Fractionalization is now being explored in a wide variety of platforms—from layered materials to programmable quantum devices. This conference explores how fractionalized states emerge from microscopic physics, what techniques can reliably detect and manipulate them, and how insights from different experimental platforms can inform one another. Topics will include fractionalization arising from geometric frustration in magnetic and other systems, detection and control of anyons across diverse platforms including fractional quantum Hall states, fractional Chern insulators and quantum simulators, and novel phenomena in systems beyond conventional gapped phases, such as fractons and gapless fractionalized states.