Particle physics has entered a data rich era, with unprecedented data sets from both collider and cosmological experiments. Using this data to answer the biggest open questions in particle physics will require new ways of thinking about quantum field theory (QFT) and connecting it with data. While there has been tremendous recent progress in formal aspects of QFT, much of it has been quite disconnected from experiment. The study of detector operators, most notably energy flux correlators, has proven to be a remarkable exception. These observables, which arise as direct theoretical models of collider experiments, have played a crucial role in contemporary developments in formal QFT and gravity. Recently it has become possible to directly measure these observables at colliders, leading to record precision extractions of Standard Model parameters, and measurements of properties of the quark gluon plasma. Energy flow operators therefore provide a rare example of a vibrant and timely connection between real world phenomenology, and advances in formal QFT. This program will advance and build bridges between three areas: energy correlators in the collider frontier, formal aspects of detector operators, and their use in gravity and cosmology.